|
|
(mmHg) |
(mmHg) |
(m/sec) |
|
(cm2) |
| ATS open pivot AP ATS open pivot (bileaflet) |
16 |
47.7 ± 12 |
27 ± 7.3 |
3.44 ± 0.47 |
|
0.61 ± 0.09 |
|
19 |
47 ± 12.6 |
26.2 ± 7.9 |
3.41 ± 0.43 |
|
0.96 ± 0.18 |
|
21 |
25.5 ± 6.1 |
14.4 ± 3.5 |
2.4 ± 0.39 |
|
1.58 ± 0.37 |
|
23 |
19 ± 7 |
12 ± 4 |
|
|
1.8 ± 0.2 |
|
25 |
17 ± 8 |
11 ± 4 |
|
|
2.2 ± 0.4 |
| Biocor stentless (stentless bioprosthesis) |
27 |
14 ± 4 |
9 ± 2 |
|
|
2.5 ± 0.3 |
|
29 |
11 ± 3 |
8 ± 2 |
|
|
3.1 ± 0.3 |
|
21 |
35.97 ± 4.06 |
18 ± 4 |
|
|
|
| Biocor extended stentless (stentless bioprosthesis) |
23 |
29.15 ± 8.28 |
18.64 ± 7.14 |
3 ± 0.6 |
|
1.4 ± 0.5 |
| Bioflo pericardial (stented bioprosthesis) |
25 |
28.65 ± 6.6 |
17.72 ± 6.99 |
2.8 ± 0.5 |
|
1.6 ± 0.38 |
| Björk-Shiley monostrut (tilting disk) |
27 |
25.87 ± 2.81 |
18 ± 2.8 |
2.7 ± 0.2 |
|
1.9 ± 0.46 |
|
29 |
24 ± 2 |
|
|
|
|
|
19-21 |
17.5 ± 5.8 |
9.7 ± 3.5 |
|
|
1.3 ± 0.4 |
|
23 |
14.8 ± 5.9 |
8.1 ± 3.1 |
|
|
1.6 ± 0.3 |
| Björk-Shiley spherical (tilting disk) or not specified |
25 |
14.2 ± 3.5 |
7.7 ± 1.9 |
|
|
1.8 ± 0.3 |
|
19 |
37.25 ± 8.65 |
24.15 ± 5.1 |
|
|
0.77 ± 0.11 |
|
21 |
28.7 ± 6.2 |
18.7 ± 5.5 |
|
|
1.1 ± 0.1 |
|
23 |
20.7 ± 4 |
12.5 ± 3 |
|
|
1.3 ± 0.09 |
|
19 |
46 |
26.67 ± 7.87 |
3.3 ± 0.6 |
|
0.94 ± 0.19 |
|
21 |
32.41 ± 9.73 |
18.64 ± 6.09 |
2.9 ± 0.4 |
|
|
| Carbomedics (bileaflet) |
23 |
26.52 ± 9.67 |
14.5 ± 6.2 |
2.7 ± 0.5 |
|
|
|
25 |
22.33 ± 7 |
13.3 ± 4.96 |
2.5 ± 0.4 |
|
|
|
27 |
18.31 ± 8 |
10.41 ± 4.38 |
2.1 ± 0.4 |
|
|
|
29 |
12 ± 8 |
7.67 ± 4.36 |
1.9 ± 0.2 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
4.0999999999999996 |
|
|
|
19 |
27 |
21.8 ± 3.4 |
3.8 |
|
1.1000000000000001 |
| Carbomedics reduced (bileaflet) |
21 |
38.94 ± 11.93 |
17.34 ± 6.86 |
2.92 ± 0.88 |
|
1.1 ± 0.25 |
| Carbomedics supraannular top hat (bileaflet) |
23 |
33.86 ± 11 |
11.5 ± 4.55 |
2.42 ± 0.4 |
|
1.22 ± 0.23 |
|
25 |
20.39 ± 7.07 |
10.67 ± 4.31 |
2.06 ± 0.28 |
|
1.8 ± 0.32 |
| Carpentier-Edwards (stented bioprosthesis) |
27 |
19.44 ± 7.99 |
|
1.77 ± 0.12 |
|
2.6 |
|
29 |
21.1 ± 7.1 |
|
1.87 ± 0.18 |
|
2.52 ± 0.69 |
|
31 |
|
|
2.1 ± 0.14 |
|
|
|
17 |
33.4 ± 13.2 |
20.1 ± 7.1 |
|
|
1.02 ± 0.2 |
|
19 |
33.3 ± 11.19 |
11.61 ± 5.08 |
3.09 ± 0.38 |
|
1.25 ± 0.36 |
| Carpentier-Edwards pericardial (stented prothesis) |
21 |
26.31 ± 10.25 |
12.68 ± 4.29 |
2.61 ± 0.51 |
|
1.42 ± 0.36 |
|
23 |
24.61 ± 6.93 |
11.33 ± 3.8 |
2.42 ± 0.37 |
|
1.69 ± 0.29 |
|
25 |
20.25 ± 8.69 |
9.34 ± 4.65 |
2.25 ± 0.34 |
|
2.04 ± 0.37 |
|
27 |
19.05 ± 7.04 |
8.41 ± 2.83 |
2.18 ± 0.36 |
|
2.55 ± 0.34 |
| Carpentier-Edwards supraannular AV (stented bioprosthesis) |
29 |
12.53 ± 4.69 |
5.8 ± 3.2 |
1.93 ± 0.25 |
|
2.63 ± 0.38 |
| CryoLife O'Brien stentless (stentless prothesis) |
19 |
43.4 ± 1.8 |
24.4 ± 1.2 |
|
|
1.22 ± 0.08 |
|
19 |
29.04 ± 10.1 |
19.5 ± 2.12 |
1.8 |
|
1 ± 0.18 |
|
21 |
29.61 ± 8.93 |
16.59 ± 5.79 |
2.62 ± 0.35 |
|
1.18 ± 0.33 |
| Duromedics (Tekna; bileaflet) |
23 |
24.38 ± 7.53 |
13.29 ± 3.73 |
2.36 ± 0.55 |
|
1.37 ± 0.37 |
|
25 |
22 |
11 |
2.4 |
|
|
|
19 |
43.48 ± 12.72 |
25.6 ± 8.02 |
|
|
0.85 ± 0.17 |
|
21 |
27.73 ± 7.6 |
17.25 ± 6.24 |
2.37 ± 0.54 |
|
1.48 ± 0.3 |
|
23 |
28.93 ± 7.49 |
15.92 ± 6.43 |
2.76 ± 0.4 |
|
1.69 ± 0.45 |
| Edwards Prima stentless (stentless bioprosthesis) |
25 |
23.95 ± 7.05 |
12.76 ± 4.43 |
2.38 ± 0.47 |
|
1.94 ± 0.45 |
|
27 |
22.14 ± 8.24 |
12.33 ± 5.59 |
2.31 ± 0.39 |
|
2.25 ± 0.55 |
|
29 |
22 |
9.92 ± 2.9 |
2.44 ± 0.43 |
|
2.84 ± 0.51 |
|
31 |
|
|
2.41 ± 0.13 |
|
|
| Hancock I (stented bioprosthesis) |
19 |
32.13 ± 3.35 |
24.19 ± 8.6 |
2.83 ± 0.14 |
|
1.21 ± 0.31 |
|
21 |
25.69 ± 9.9 |
20.3 ± 9.08 |
2.59 ± 0.42 |
|
1.47 ± 0.36 |
|
23 |
21.72 ± 8.57 |
13.01 ± 5.27 |
2.29 ± 0.45 |
|
1.75 ± 0.28 |
|
25 |
16.46 ± 5.41 |
9.04 ± 2.27 |
2.02 ± 0.31 |
|
|
|
27 |
19.2 |
5.6 |
1.6 |
|
|
| Hancock II (stented bioprosthesis) |
29 |
17.600000000000001 |
11.6 |
2.1 |
|
|
|
19 |
34.1 ± 2.7 |
|
|
|
1.1 ± 0.09 |
|
21 |
25 ± 8 |
14 ± 5 |
|
|
1.06 ± 0.16 |
|
19 |
|
12 ± 4.8 |
|
|
1.25 ± 0.1 |
| Ionescu-Shiley (stented bioprosthesis) |
21 |
|
10.33 ± 2 |
|
|
1.57 ± 0.6 |
|
23 |
|
8.5 |
|
|
2.2000000000000002 |
|
25 |
|
7.9 |
|
|
2.2999999999999998 |
|
27 |
|
7.4 |
|
|
2.7 |
|
19 |
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
| Jyros bileaflet (bileaflet) |
21 |
19.08 ± 16 |
8.98 ± 5 |
|
|
1.3 |
|
23 |
19.87 ± 7 |
7 ± 2 |
2.64 ± 0.27 |
|
|
|
25 |
21 ± 9 |
5 ± 2 |
2.34 ± 0.38 |
|
|
|
27 |
22.5 ± 12 |
6 ± 3 |
1.88 ± 0.6 |
|
|
| Lillehei-Kaster (tilting disk) |
29 |
13 |
3.4 |
2.1 |
|
|
|
19 |
30.9 ± 11.7 |
15.4 ± 7.4 |
|
|
1 ± 0.3 |
|
21 |
31.22 ± 17.35 |
16.36 ± 11.36 |
|
|
1.25 ± 0.29 |
| Medtronic Freestyle stentless (stentless bioprosthesis) |
23 |
23.39 ± 10.17 |
11.52 ± 5.26 |
2.8 ± 0.4 |
|
1.49 ± 0.46 |
|
25 |
19.74 ± 10.36 |
10.77 ± 9.32 |
2.7 ± 0.3 |
|
1.7 ± 0.55 |
|
27 |
15.9 ± 7.3 |
7.1 ± 3.7 |
|
|
2 ± 0.6 |
| Medtronic-Hall (tilting disk) |
29 |
11.21 ± 8.6 |
5.03 ± 4.53 |
|
|
2.49 ± 0.52 |
|
21 |
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
|
23 |
19.09 ± 4.35 |
12.36 ± 3.82 |
2.94 ± 0.24 |
|
|
|
25 |
17.61 ± 3.13 |
11 ± 2.85 |
2.36 ± 0.37 |
|
|
|
27 |
18.11 ± 6.92 |
10 ± 3.46 |
2.4 ± 0.36 |
|
|
| Medtronic intact (stented bioprosthesis) |
29 |
|
|
2.23 ± 0.04 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
21 |
20 ± 4 |
14.8 ± 4.1 |
|
|
1.23 ± 0.27 |
|
23 |
24.72 ± 5.73 |
16.64 ± 6.91 |
|
|
1.39 ± 0.23 |
| Medtronic Mosaic, porcine (stented bioprosthesis) |
25 |
20 ± 2 |
10.7 ± 3 |
|
|
1.47 ± 0.19 |
|
27 |
14 ± 3 |
|
|
|
1.55 ± 0.18 |
|
29 |
15 ± 3 |
|
|
|
1.6 ± 0.15 |
| Mitroflow (stented bioprosthesis) |
17 |
42 |
21.1 ± 3.21 |
|
|
0.86 ± 0.1 |
|
19 |
23.17 ± 6.58 |
20.44 ± 8.47 |
2.63 ± 0.32 |
|
1.15 ± 0.18 |
|
21 |
27.63 ± 8.34 |
15.1 ± 1.56 |
2.75 ± 0.25 |
|
|
|
23 |
18.09 ± 6.49 |
9.9 ± 2.85 |
2.1 ± 0.38 |
|
|
| O'Brien-Angell stentless (annular position; stentless bioprosthesis) |
25 |
18 |
|
|
|
|
| O'Brien-Angell stentless (supraannular position; stentless bioprosthesis) |
27 |
14.75 ± 2.17 |
8.97 ± 0.57 |
1.92 ± 0.14 |
|
|
| Omnicarbon (tilting disk) |
29 |
16 |
7.3 |
2 |
|
|
|
22 |
17.3 |
10.8 |
|
|
1.5 |
|
24 |
18.600000000000001 |
11.4 |
|
|
1.5 |
|
26 |
14.4 |
8.4 |
|
|
1.7 |
| Omniscience (tilting disk) |
28 |
10 |
5.7 |
|
|
1.9 |
|
30 |
8 |
6 |
|
|
1.6 |
| On-X (bileaflet) |
14 |
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
3.43 ± 0.39 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
2.85 ± 0.21 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
13 |
|
|
|
| Sorin Allcarbon (tilting disk) |
21 |
|
7.99 ± 2.6 |
|
|
1.6 ± 0.32 |
|
23 |
|
7.24 ± 2.5 |
|
|
1.9 ± 0.5 |
|
25 |
|
5.35 ± 1.5 |
|
|
2.03 ± 0.41 |
|
27 |
|
4.72 ± 1.6 |
|
|
2.5 ± 0.47 |
|
20 |
34.37 ± 13.06 |
17.08 ± 5.28 |
2.9 ± 0.4 |
|
1.21 ± 0.45 |
| Sorin Bicarbon (bileaflet) |
21 |
26.86 ± 10.54 |
14.1 ± 5.93 |
2.42 ± 0.36 |
|
1.08 ± 0.17 |
|
23 |
26.85 ± 8.85 |
13.5 ± 4.79 |
2.43 ± 0.59 |
|
1.36 ± 0.39 |
|
25 |
17.13 ± 7.04 |
9.53 ± 4.26 |
2.29 ± 0.5 |
|
1.9 ± 0.47 |
|
27 |
18.66 ± 9.71 |
8.66 ± 5.56 |
2.07 ± 0.53 |
|
1.9 ± 0.16 |
|
29 |
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
| Sorin Pericarbon (stentless bioprosthesis) |
19 |
39.43 ± 15.4 |
23.71 ± 9.3 |
2.5 |
|
|
| St. Jude Medical (bileaflet) |
21 |
33.9 ± 12.69 |
18.74 ± 8.03 |
2.73 ± 0.44 |
|
1.55 ± 0.39 |
|
23 |
31.27 ± 9.62 |
18.88 ± 6.17 |
2.74 ± 0.37 |
|
1.64 ± 0.37 |
|
25 |
27.34 ± 10.59 |
16.4 ± 6.05 |
2.6 ± 0.44 |
|
1.85 ± 0.25 |
|
27 |
25.27 ± 7.58 |
15 ± 3.94 |
2.51 ± 0.38 |
|
2.2 ± 0.17 |
|
29 |
31 |
15.6 ± 2.1 |
2.8 |
|
2.38 ± 0.54 |
|
21 |
|
12.43 ± 7.3 |
|
|
1.6 ± 0.7 |
| St. Jude Medical Hemodynamic Plus (bileaflet) |
23 |
|
12.47 ± 7.4 |
|
|
2.1 ± 0.8 |
| Starr-Edwards (ball-and-cage) |
25 |
|
10.08 ± 5.1 |
|
|
2.1 ± 1.6 |
|
27 |
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
29 |
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
19 |
18.7 ± 5.1 |
10.3 ± 3 |
|
|
1.13 ± 0.17 |
|
21 |
20.2 |
15.4 |
2.2999999999999998 |
|
|
|
23 |
14.04 ± 4.91 |
7.56 ± 3.38 |
1.85 ± 0.34 |
|
|
| Stentless porcine xenograft (stentless bioprosthesis) |
25 |
17 ± 11.31 |
10.8 ± 6.51 |
2 ± 0.71 |
|
|
|
27 |
13 ± 3 |
6.57 ± 1.7 |
1.8 ± 0.2 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
14.5 ± 7.77 |
|
|
1.15 ± 0.07 |
|
25 |
|
19 ± 12.72 |
|
|
1.12 ± 0.25 |
|
27 |
|
18 ± 12.72 |
|
|
1.55 ± 0.21 |
| Toronto stentless, porcine (stentless bioprosthesis) |
29 |
|
12 ± 7.07 |
|
|
2.05 ± 1.2 |
|
23 |
|
9 ± 1.4 |
|
|
1.58 ± 0.58 |
|
25 |
|
7.5 ± 0.7 |
|
|
2.37 ± 0.18 |
|
27 |
|
8.5 ± 0.7 |
|
|
2.85 ± 0.87 |
|
29 |
|
7 ± 1.4 |
|
|
2.7 ± 0.42 |
|
21 |
36.79 ± 12.59 |
19.41 ± 5.46 |
2.93 ± 0.47 |
|
1.25 ± 0.43 |
|
23 |
29.33 ± 9.67 |
17.98 ± 6.06 |
2.66 ± 0.44 |
|
1.49 ± 0.34 |
|
25 |
24.29 ± 7.71 |
13.51 ± 3.85 |
2.32 ± 0.38 |
|
1.94 ± 0.52 |
|
27 |
19.63 ± 4.34 |
12.06 ± 2.98 |
2.08 ± 0.35 |
|
2.11 ± 0.46 |
|
29 |
17.12 ± 1.53 |
10 ± 1.53 |
1.9 ± 0.06 |
|
2.27 ± 0.23 |
|
19 |
47.5 ± 3.5 |
28 ± 1.4 |
|
|
0.81 ± 0.01 |
|
21 |
50.8 ± 2.8 |
28.2 ± 2.17 |
|
|
0.87 ± 0.13 |
|
23 |
39.8 ± 8.7 |
20.1 ± 5.1 |
|
|
0.98 ± 0.07 |
|
19 |
21.3 ± 10.8 |
11.8 ± 3.4 |
|
|
1.5 ± 0.2 |
|
21 |
16.4 ± 5.9 |
9.9 ± 3.6 |
|
|
1.7 ± 0.4 |
|
23 |
15.9 ± 6.4 |
8.5 ± 3.3 |
|
|
2 ± 0.6 |
|
25 |
16.5 ± 10.2 |
9 ± 5.3 |
|
|
2.4 ± 0.8 |
|
27-29 |
11.4 ± 4.6 |
5.6 ± 2.7 |
|
|
3.2 ± 0.6 |
|
19 |
44 ± 7 |
29 ± 8 |
3.3 ± 0.3 |
|
0.9 ± 0.1 |
|
21 |
36.52 ± 9.61 |
21.07 ± 6.72 |
2.93 ± 0.2 |
|
1.08 ± 0.19 |
|
23 |
34.97 ± 10.97 |
18.72 ± 6.49 |
2.9 ± 0.41 |
|
1.31 ± 0.2 |
|
25 |
22 ± 4.68 |
13.85 ± 3.97 |
2.37 ± 0.23 |
|
1.96 ± 0.71 |
|
27 |
16.3 ± 3.3 |
10.15 ± 3.76 |
2 ± 0.25 |
|
2.51 ± 0.57 |
|
29 |
13 ± 4 |
8 ± 2 |
1.8 ± 0.3 |
|
4.1 ± 0.7 |
|
19 |
29.53 ± 4.46 |
16.35 ± 1.99 |
2.5 ± 0.1 |
|
1.36 ± 0.13 |
|
21 |
24.52 ± 7.1 |
12.54 ± 3.3 |
2.46 ± 0.31 |
|
1.46 ± 0.2 |
|
23 |
17.79 ± 6.1 |
9.61 ± 3.3 |
2.11 ± 0.24 |
|
1.98 ± 0.23 |
|
25 |
18.46 ± 3.1 |
10.05 ± 1.6 |
2.25 ± 0.19 |
|
2.39 ± 0.29 |
|
27 |
12 ± 3.25 |
7 ± 1.5 |
1.73 ± 0.21 |
|
3.06 ± 0.47 |
|
29 |
9 ± 1.25 |
5 ± 0.5 |
1.51 ± 0.1 |
|
3.45 ± 0.02 |
|
23 |
39 ± 13 |
25 ± 8 |
|
|
2 |
|
19 |
35.17 ± 11.16 |
18.96 ± 6.27 |
2.86 ± 0.48 |
|
1.01 ± 0.24 |
|
21 |
28.34 ± 9.94 |
15.82 ± 5.67 |
2.63 ± 0.48 |
|
1.33 ± 0.32 |
|
23 |
25.28 ± 7.89 |
13.77 ± 5.33 |
2.57 ± 0.44 |
|
1.6 ± 0.43 |
|
25 |
22.57 ± 7.68 |
12.65 ± 5.14 |
2.4 ± 0.45 |
|
1.93 ± 0.45 |
|
27 |
19.85 ± 7.55 |
11.18 ± 4.82 |
2.24 ± 0.42 |
|
2.35 ± 0.59 |
|
29 |
17.72 ± 6.42 |
9.86 ± 2.9 |
2 ± 0.1 |
|
2.81 ± 0.57 |
|
31 |
16 |
10 ± 6 |
2.1 ± 0.6 |
|
3.08 ± 1.09 |
|
19 |
25.81 ± 7.52 |
16.44 ± 3.57 |
|
|
1.65 ± 0.2 |
|
21 |
18.9 ± 7.31 |
9.62 ± 3.37 |
|
|
2.15 ± 0.29 |
|
21 |
29 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
22 |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
23 |
32.6 ± 12.79 |
21.98 ± 8.8 |
3.5 ± 0.5 |
|
1.1000000000000001 |
|
24 |
34.13 ± 10.33 |
22.09 ± 7.54 |
3.35 ± 0.48 |
|
|
|
26 |
31.83 ± 9.01 |
19.69 ± 6.05 |
3.18 ± 0.35 |
|
|
|
27 |
30.82 ± 6.3 |
18.5 ± 3.7 |
|
|
1.8 |
|
29 |
29 ± 9.3 |
16.3 ± 5.5 |
|
|
|
|
21 |
14 ± 5 |
8.7 ± 3.5 |
|
|
1.33 ± 0.38 |
|
22 |
16 ± 5.6 |
9.7 ± 3.7 |
|
|
1.32 ± 0.48 |
|
23 |
13 ± 4.8 |
7.7 ± 2.3 |
|
|
1.59 ± 0.6 |
|
24 |
13 ± 3.8 |
7.7 ± 2.2 |
|
|
1.4 ± 0.01 |
|
25 |
11.5 ± 7.1 |
7.4 ± 4.5 |
|
|
2.13 ± 0.7 |
|
26 |
10.7 |
7 ± 2.1 |
|
|
2.15 ± 0.2 |
|
27 |
9.1999999999999993 |
5.5 |
|
|
3.2 |
|
28 |
7.5 |
4.0999999999999996 |
|
|
2.2999999999999998 |
|
20 |
10.9 |
4.5999999999999996 |
|
|
1.3 |
|
21 |
18.64 ± 11.8 |
7.56 ± 4.4 |
|
|
1.21 ± 0.7 |
|
22 |
23 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
23 |
13.55 ± 7.28 |
7.08 ± 4.33 |
|
|
1.59 ± 0.84 |
|
25 |
12.17 ± 5.75 |
6.2 ± 3.05 |
|
|
1.62 ± 0.4 |
|
27 |
9.96 ± 4.56 |
4.8 ± 2.33 |
|
|
1.95 ± 0.42 |
|
29 |
7.91 ± 4.17 |
3.94 ± 2.15 |
|
|
2.37 ± 0.67 |
| Valve |
Size |
Peak gradient |
Mean gradient |
Peak velocity |
Pressure half-time |
Effective orifice area |
|
|
(mmHg) |
(mmHg) |
(m/sec) |
(m.sec.) |
(cm2) |
| Biocor (stentless bioprosthesis) |
27 |
13 ± 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
29 |
14 ± 2.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
31 |
11.5 ± 0.5 |
|
|
|
|
| Bioflo pericardial (stented bioprosthesis) |
33 |
12 ± 0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
10 ± 2 |
6.3 ± 1.5 |
|
|
2 ± 0.1 |
| Björk-Shiley (tilting disk) |
27 |
9.5 ± 2.6 |
5.4 ± 1.2 |
|
|
2 ± 0.3 |
|
29 |
5 ± 2.8 |
3.6 ± 1 |
|
|
2.4 ± 0.2 |
|
31 |
4 |
2 |
|
|
2.2999999999999998 |
|
23 |
|
|
1.7 |
115 |
|
|
25 |
12 ± 4 |
6 ± 2 |
1.75 ± 0.38 |
99 ± 27 |
1.72 ± 0.6 |
| Björk-Shiley monostrut (tilting disk) |
27 |
10 ± 4 |
5 ± 2 |
1.6 ± 0.49 |
89 ± 28 |
1.81 ± 0.54 |
|
29 |
7.83 ± 2.93 |
2.83 ± 1.27 |
1.37 ± 0.25 |
79 ± 17 |
2.1 ± 0.43 |
|
31 |
6 ± 3 |
2 ± 1.9 |
1.41 ± 0.26 |
70 ± 14 |
2.2 ± 0.3 |
|
23 |
|
5 |
1.9 |
|
|
| Carbomedics (bileaflet) |
25 |
13 ± 2.5 |
5.57 ± 2.3 |
1.8 ± 0.3 |
|
|
|
27 |
12 ± 2.5 |
4.53 ± 2.2 |
1.7 ± 0.4 |
|
|
|
29 |
13 ± 3 |
4.26 ± 1.6 |
1.6 ± 0.3 |
|
|
|
31 |
14 ± 4.5 |
4.9 ± 1.6 |
1.7 ± 0.3 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
1.9 ± 0.1 |
126 ± 7 |
|
|
25 |
10.3 ± 2.3 |
3.6 ± 0.6 |
1.3 ± 0.1 |
93 ± 8 |
2.9 ± 0.8 |
| Carpentier-Edwards (stented bioprosthesis) |
27 |
8.79 ± 3.46 |
3.46 ± 1.03 |
1.61 ± 0.3 |
89 ± 20 |
2.9 ± 0.75 |
|
29 |
8.78 ± 2.9 |
3.39 ± 0.97 |
1.52 ± 0.3 |
88 ± 17 |
2.3 ± 0.4 |
| Carpentier-Edwards pericardial (stented bioprosthesis) |
31 |
8.87 ± 2.34 |
3.32 ± 0.87 |
1.61 ± 0.29 |
92 ± 24 |
2.8 ± 1.14 |
|
33 |
8.8 ± 2.2 |
4.8 ± 2.5 |
1.5 ± 0.2 |
93 ± 12 |
|
| Duromedics (bileaflet) |
27 |
|
6 ± 2 |
1.7 ± 0.3 |
98 ± 28 |
|
|
29 |
|
4.7 ± 2 |
1.76 ± 0.27 |
92 ± 14 |
|
|
31 |
|
4.4 ± 2 |
1.54 ± 0.15 |
92 ± 19 |
|
|
33 |
|
6 ± 3 |
|
93 ± 12 |
|
| Hancock I or not specified (stented bioprosthesis) |
27 |
|
3.6 |
1.6 |
100 |
|
|
29 |
|
5.25 ± 2.36 |
1.67 ± 0.3 |
110 ± 15 |
|
| Hancock II (stented bioprosthesis) |
31 |
|
4.05 ± 0.83 |
1.53 ± 0.1 |
90 ± 11 |
|
|
33 |
|
1 |
0.8 |
80 |
|
|
27 |
13 ± 6 |
5 ± 3 |
|
75 ± 12 |
|
| Hancock pericardial (stented bioprosthesis) |
29 |
10 ± 4 |
3 ± 1 |
161 ± 40 |
85 ± 22 |
|
| Ionescu-Shiley (stented bioprosthesis) |
31 |
10.5 ± 4.37 |
3.3 ± 1.36 |
140 ± 25 |
81 ± 12 |
|
|
33 |
11.2 |
2.5 |
138 ± 27 |
85 |
|
|
27 |
10 ± 4 |
5 ± 2 |
|
|
1.3 ± 0.8 |
| Ionescu-Shiley low profile (stented bioprosthesis) |
29 |
7 ± 3 |
2.46 ± 0.79 |
|
115 ± 20 |
1.5 ± 0.2 |
| Labcor-Santiago pericardial (stented bioprosthesis) |
31 |
4 ± 0.86 |
4.86 ± 1.69 |
|
95 ± 17 |
1.6 ± 0.2 |
| Lillehei- Kaster (tilting disk) |
33 |
3 ± 2 |
3.87 ± 2 |
|
90 ± 12 |
1.9 ± 0.2 |
|
27 |
|
|
|
|
2.21 ± 0.14 |
|
29 |
|
|
|
|
2.77 ± 0.11 |
| Medtronic-Hall (tilting disk) |
31 |
|
|
|
|
2.84 ± 0.1 |
|
33 |
|
|
|
|
3.15 ± 0.22 |
| Medtronic Intact, porcine (stented prosthesis) |
29 |
|
2.61 ± 1.39 |
1.42 ± 0.14 |
105 ± 36 |
|
|
31 |
|
3.57 ± 1.02 |
1.51 ± 0.27 |
81 ± 23 |
|
|
25 |
|
4.87 ± 1.08 |
1.43 ± 0.15 |
93 ± 11 |
|
| Mitroflow (stented bioprosthesis) |
27 |
|
3.21 ± 0.82 |
1.31 ± 0.24 |
100 ± 28 |
|
|
29 |
|
3.22 ± 0.57 |
1.38 ± 0.2 |
85 ± 8 |
|
|
31 |
|
3.63 ± 0.9 |
1.45 ± 0.06 |
100 ± 36 |
|
| Omnicarbon (tilting disk) |
29 |
|
3.31 ± 0.96 |
1.36 ± 0.25 |
80 ± 30 |
|
|
31 |
|
2.74 ± 0.37 |
1.33 ± 0.14 |
79 ± 15 |
|
|
25 |
8.6999999999999993 |
4.5 |
|
97 |
2.2000000000000002 |
|
27 |
5.6 ± 2.3 |
2.8 ± 1.5 |
|
85 ± 18 |
2.12 ± 0.48 |
|
29 |
6.2 ± 2.1 |
3 ± 1.3 |
|
80 ± 34 |
2.11 ± 0.73 |
|
18 |
|
|
1.7 |
140 |
|
| On-X (bileaflet) |
20 |
|
|
1.7 |
67 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
1.56 ± 0.09 |
94 ± 22 |
|
|
25 |
|
|
1.38 ± 0.27 |
124 ± 46 |
|
| Sorin Allcarbon (tilting disk) |
27 |
|
|
1.4 |
78 |
|
|
29 |
|
|
1.57 ± 0.1 |
69 ± 15 |
|
|
31 |
|
|
1.45 ± 0.12 |
77 ± 17 |
|
| Sorin Bicarbon (bileaflet) |
29 |
|
3.5 ± 0.51 |
1.6 ± 0.22 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
4.2 ± 1.44 |
1.6 ± 0.26 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
4 ± 1.3 |
1.4 ± 0.24 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
3.2 ± 1.77 |
1.3 ± 0.5 |
|
|
| St Jude Medical (bileaflet) |
25 |
|
6.9 |
2 |
90 |
|
|
27 |
|
3.07 ± 0.91 |
1.5 |
90 ± 20 |
|
|
29 |
|
3.5 ± 1.65 |
1.43 ± 0.29 |
102 ± 21 |
|
|
31 |
|
3.85 ± 0.81 |
1.32 ± 0.26 |
91 ± 22 |
|
| Starr-Edwards (ball-and-cage) |
23 |
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
6.05 ± 1.81 |
1.77 ± 0.24 |
102 ± 16 |
|
|
27 |
|
4.89 ± 2.05 |
1.63 ± 0.36 |
105 ± 33 |
|
|
29 |
|
4.93 ± 2.16 |
1.56 ± 0.27 |
120 ± 40 |
|
| Stentless quadrileaflet bovine pericardial (stentless bioprosthesis) |
31 |
|
4.18 ± 1.4 |
1.3 ± 0.23 |
134 ± 31 |
|
| Wessex (stented bioprosthesis) |
33 |
|
4 ± 2 |
|
|
|
|
25 |
11.5 ± 3.2 |
5.3 ± 2.1 |
|
|
1.9 ± 1.1 |
|
27-29 |
10.3 ± 4.5 |
4.5 ± 1.6 |
|
|
2.2 ± 0.5 |
|
31-33 |
9.8 ± 3.8 |
4.8 ± 2.4 |
|
|
2.5 ± 1.1 |
|
25 |
15 ± 3 |
5 ± 1 |
2 ± 0.2 |
105 ± 29 |
2.2 ± 0.6 |
|
27 |
13 ± 2 |
4 ± 1 |
1.8 ± 0.1 |
89 ± 14 |
2.5 ± 0.5 |
|
29 |
10 ± 2 |
4 ± 1 |
1.6 ± 0.2 |
85 ± 23 |
2.8 ± 0.7 |
|
31 |
9 ± 1 |
4 ± 1 |
1.6 ± 0.1 |
88 ± 27 |
2.8 ± 0.9 |
|
25 |
15 ± 0.25 |
4 ± 0.5 |
1.95 ± 0.02 |
70 ± 1 |
|
|
27 |
11 ± 2.75 |
4 ± 0.5 |
1.65 ± 0.21 |
82 ± 20 |
|
|
29 |
12 ± 3 |
4 ± 1.25 |
1.73 ± 0.22 |
80 ± 14 |
|
|
31 |
10 ± 1.5 |
4 ± 1 |
1.66 ± 0.11 |
83 ± 14 |
|
|
23 |
|
4 |
1.5 |
160 |
1 |
|
25 |
|
2.5 ± 1 |
1.34 ± 1.12 |
75 ± 4 |
1.35 ± 0.17 |
|
27 |
11 ± 4 |
5 ± 1.82 |
1.61 ± 0.29 |
75 ± 10 |
1.67 ± 0.17 |
|
29 |
10 ± 3 |
4.15 ± 1.8 |
1.57 ± 0.29 |
85 ± 10 |
1.75 ± 0.24 |
|
31 |
12 ± 6 |
4.46 ± 2.22 |
1.59 ± 0.33 |
74 ± 13 |
2.03 ± 0.32 |
|
26 |
|
10 |
|
|
1.4 |
|
28 |
|
7 ± 2.75 |
|
|
1.9 ± 0.57 |
|
30 |
12.2 ± 4.6 |
6.99 ± 2.5 |
1.7 ± 0.3 |
125 ± 25 |
1.65 ± 0.4 |
|
32 |
11.5 ± 4.2 |
5.08 ± 2.5 |
1.7 ± 0.3 |
110 ± 25 |
1.98 ± 0.4 |
|
34 |
|
5 |
|
|
2.6 |
|
26 |
|
2.2 ± 1.7 |
1.6 |
103 ± 31 |
1.7 |
|
28 |
|
|
1.58 ± 0.25 |
|
1.7 ± 0.6 |
|
30 |
|
|
1.42 ± 0.32 |
|
2.3 ± 0.4 |
|
29 |
|
3.69 ± 0.61 |
1.66 ± 0.17 |
83 ± 19 |
|
|
31 |
|
3.31 ± 0.83 |
1.41 ± 0.25 |
80 ± 21 |
|